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引言(Introduction)部分不仅是你论文的第一印象,也是打动审稿人、吸引读者的关键。那到底怎么写Introduction才能像顶刊一样出彩呢?本篇推文包含:写作原则、常见误区、顶刊案例拆解,最后还有万能句型模板,不管新手老手,都能轻松上手哦!
1 Introduction写作原则
首先,写引言要掌握好一条原则:从大到小。也就是先告诉读者研究背景是什么,再慢慢缩小到研究的问题,引导读者顺着思路逐步进入研究核心。
大体来说,引言要回答三个问题:
1. 为什么这个研究方向重要?
2. 当前在这个领域有什么挑战或空白?
3. 你的研究具体要解决什么问题?
举个例子:如果你的研究是关于心血管疾病的预防和治疗,那么开篇可以谈谈全球心血管疾病的高发率和对人类健康的重大威胁(大图景)。接着可以缩小到在心血管疾病早期检测或干预方面,现有技术的局限性(空白与挑战)。最后,再引入你的研究如何针对这些不足展开,比如你将研究某种新型标志物或创新疗法(具体问题)。
这样,从全球健康问题到特定疾病的预防策略,逐步缩小视角的写法,会让你的引言部分逻辑清晰、条理分明。
2 撰写Introduction容易出现的问题
看看大家在Introduction写作时容易踩的坑,避免掉进引言写作陷阱。
1) 信息太多太杂。很多人一上来就扔一堆背景资料,结果读者被信息海洋淹没了,重点也迷失了。所以记得选最核心的背景点,而不是面面俱到。
2) 语言太过生硬。引言引言,就是需要引出后面的内容,不需要冷冰冰的,写的自然一些,审稿人会更容易理解你的意图哦。
3) 缺少明确的研究目标。写到最后,很多人会忘了点题。读者看完都不知道作者想说什么!所以在引言最后,务必要明确写出你的研究目标。
3 顶刊Introduction拆解
案例一:来自Science Translational Medicine 期刊
图片来源:https://mitcommlab.mit.edu/be/commkit/journal-article-introduction/
案例二:来自Cell 期刊
图片来源:https://mitcommlab.mit.edu/be/commkit/journal-article-introduction/
4 Introduction句型模板
最后,引言部分句型模板供参考哦:
1) 背景介绍
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of ___ in the field of ___.
The increasing prevalence of ___ has raised significant concerns regarding ___.
The issue of ___ has become a focal point in ___ research, particularly as it relates to ___.
2) 当前挑战
Despite advancements in ___, challenges such as ___ persist.
Current approaches to ___ face limitations, particularly in terms of ___.
Existing approaches to ___ are often limited by factors such as ___, which restricts their effectiveness.
3) 研究空白
However, there remains a critical gap in understanding ___, particularly concerning ___.
Limited research has been conducted on ___, which hinders our ability to ___.
Research in ___ is still limited, with few studies addressing the issue of ___.
4) 研究目标
This study aims to explore __ with the objective of ___.
The primary goal of this research is to investigate ___ in order to ___.
By analyzing ___, this study seeks to provide insights into ___ that can address ___.
5) 研究意义
The findings of this research could have important implications for ___ and contribute to ___.
Understanding ___ may lead to advancements in ___ and enhance ___.
This study is expected to fill a gap in ___ research and to enhance our understanding of ___.
6) 论文结构
The structure of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 discusses ___, Section 3 presents ___, and Section 4 concludes with ___.
This paper is structured to provide a comprehensive overview of ___, beginning with ___ and concluding with___.
This paper is divided into four sections: Section 1 introduces ___, Section 2 covers ___, Section 3 examines ___, and Section 4 concludes with ___.
写好Introduction并不难,关键在于理清逻辑、抓住重点,然后通过循序渐进的方式吸引读者。从大局切入,逐步缩小到你的研究问题,最后简洁明了地点出研究目标。
通过今天的推文分享,希望大家在写Introduction部分时,思路可以更加清晰,写作更加顺畅哦。
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参考资料:
[1] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384051689_HOW_TO_WRITE_A_DISSERTATION_INTRODUCTION
[2] https://mitcommlab.mit.edu/be/commkit/journal-article-introduction/